The decision could affect millions of registered voters, particularly those flagged by the SAVE database, which critics argue is prone to errors. In states like Texas, previous use of the database led to lawful citizens being mistakenly identified as noncitizens. While the National Voter Registration Act limits broad voter purges close to elections, the ruling allows states to conduct individualized checks, raising concerns about potential voter disenfranchisement. Advocacy groups warn that the database's expansion could undermine trust in the electoral process.