The haze has affected approximately 5.5 million people, posing serious health risks, particularly respiratory issues. Wildlife, including critically endangered species like the Bornean orangutan, is also under threat. The fires are linked to deforestation and land clearing for palm oil plantations, with recent satellite data showing an increase in deforestation in Indonesia. The economic and environmental costs of these fires are substantial, with long-term implications for biodiversity and regional air quality.