The use of firecrackers during Diwali significantly worsens air quality, particularly in Delhi-NCR, where winter conditions exacerbate pollution. PM2.5 particles, which are small enough to enter the bloodstream, pose severe health risks, including respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and individuals with pre-existing conditions are at heightened risk. Reports from Diwali 2025 showed increased respiratory and pregnancy-related complications, with hospitals observing a surge in emergency cases. The lack of effective enforcement of green cracker regulations further compounds the issue.