The smog poses significant health risks, particularly due to high PM2.5 levels, which can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular issues. Residents in Delhi and surrounding areas are exposed to hazardous air quality, with pollution sources including stubble burning, vehicle emissions, and construction dust. Lahore's pollution levels have also reached critical levels, ranking as the world's most polluted city recently. The shared airshed between northern India and eastern Pakistan exacerbates the crisis.