Post-Diwali Pollution: Rising PM2.5 Levels and Health Risks
• Post-Diwali air pollution levels in India have shown a significant increase, with PM2.5 concentrations rising by 44% to 69% compared to pre-Diwali days, according to studies conducted between 2019 and
• Firecracker smoke, containing fine particulate matter and toxic metals such as barium, strontium, and arsenic, contributes heavily to this pollution. The Delhi region recorded PM2.5 levels of 182 µg/m³ on Diwali day, nearly three times the Indian safe limit. The pollution often worsens in the days following Diwali due to weak winds and cooler temperatures, trapping pollutants near the ground. Long-term exposure to such polluted air is linked to increased risks of lung cancer and other respiratory conditions.
Impact & Risks
The rise in air pollution post-Diwali poses significant health risks, particularly for children, older adults, and individuals with pre-existing respiratory or heart conditions. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing irritation, inflammation, and exacerbation of asthma or COPD symptoms. Toxic metals in firecracker smoke, such as arsenic and cadmium, further increase health hazards. Prolonged exposure to polluted air over years is associated with higher risks of lung cancer and cardiovascular issues. Smaller cities like Jodhpur also experience sharp pollution spikes, highlighting the widespread impact of Diwali-related pollution.
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