The hazardous air quality poses severe health risks, including respiratory distress and long-term illnesses. Hospitals in Delhi report spikes in cases of respiratory issues during this period. Chronic air pollution contributes to 1.67–1.7 million premature deaths annually in India, accounting for 17.8% of all deaths. Economically, PM2.5 pollution costs India up to 9.5% of its GDP annually, approximately $340 billion, due to healthcare expenses and reduced productivity.