Kilauea's episodic lava fountaining poses several risks, including the release of volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide, which can lead to vog and respiratory issues. Tephra, or volcanic ash and fragments, can cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation, especially in areas downwind of the vents. While the lava flows are typically slow-moving, they can destroy everything in their path. The unique behavior of Kilauea's eruptions has also made it a valuable research site, helping scientists better understand volcanic activity and its associated hazards.