The ongoing eruptions pose significant hazards, including high levels of volcanic gases such as sulfur dioxide (SO2), which can create vog (volcanic air pollution) and cause respiratory issues. Tephra, or volcanic fragments, may also pose risks to nearby areas. The activity is confined to the closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park, but visitors and residents are advised to avoid the summit region due to potential hazards like ground cracking, rockfalls, and unstable crater walls.