The ongoing activity poses risks primarily within the closed area of Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. High levels of volcanic gases, including sulfur dioxide (SO2), continue to be emitted, creating vog (volcanic air pollution) that can cause respiratory issues. Lava flows and tephra, including volcanic ash and Pele’s hair, remain localized hazards. Residents and visitors are advised to avoid exposure to these hazards, as they can cause skin, eye, and respiratory irritation. The USGS emphasizes the importance of staying informed about potential changes in activity.