Cold wave conditions can lead to significant discomfort and health risks, particularly for vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and those with pre-existing health conditions. Prolonged exposure to cold can result in hypothermia and frostbite in severe cases. Wind chill can exacerbate the impact of low temperatures, increasing the risk of cold-related illnesses. Regions experiencing cold waves may also face disruptions in daily activities, including transportation and outdoor work.