The recurring floods in India result in significant economic losses, disrupt daily life, and damage public infrastructure. Urbanisation has increased vulnerability by replacing natural water management systems, such as wetlands and floodplains, with impermeable surfaces and construction in flood-prone areas. This has led to a cycle of damage, repair, and repeated exposure to risks. The lack of effective implementation of existing environmental and disaster management policies further exacerbates the problem, turning environmental vulnerabilities into public liabilities.