The study estimates that 293,800 people across Nepal, India, and China are exposed to potential GLOF-related flooding, with 108,500 of them residing in Nepal alone. Of these, 22,800 individuals live in areas less than 10 metres above river levels, making them particularly vulnerable. While the increase in building areas does not directly equate to higher flood risk, the study emphasises that the likelihood and severity of floods, as well as the vulnerability of people and infrastructure, are critical factors. The findings underscore the need for improved disaster preparedness and early-warning systems in these regions.