El Niño events significantly impact global weather patterns, often leading to extreme weather conditions such as droughts, floods, and heatwaves. Regions dependent on stable rainfall, such as parts of Africa, Asia, and South America, may experience severe agricultural disruptions. Coastal areas in the Pacific are particularly vulnerable to rising sea levels and intensified storms. The warming of ocean waters can also harm marine ecosystems, including coral reefs. Atmospheric changes associated with El Niño, such as shifts in trade winds and rainfall, can exacerbate these risks, affecting millions of people worldwide.