Stubble burning releases harmful pollutants, including particulate matter and carbon monoxide, which contribute to severe air pollution in northern India, particularly in Delhi-NCR. This exacerbates respiratory and cardiovascular health issues among residents. Additionally, the practice damages soil health by depleting nutrients and organic matter. The economic pressures on farmers, including the high cost and limited availability of residue-management machinery, further perpetuate the problem. The air quality in the region deteriorates significantly during this period, leading to smog and reduced visibility.