The significant rainfall deficit has raised concerns about water availability and agricultural productivity. Fourteen states, including Bihar, Punjab, and Haryana, as well as five southern states, have recorded rainfall deficits exceeding 20%. While kharif crop sowing improved in July, uneven rainfall distribution and lower precipitation in August and September could impact crop yields and preparations for the rabi season. The IMD warns that the season may end with the lowest rainfall since 2009, exacerbated by strengthening El Niño conditions, which are typically associated with weaker monsoons in India.