One of the most iconic features of fall is the vibrant transformation of leaves. This phenomenon occurs as trees prepare for winter by halting the production of chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for their green color. As chlorophyll breaks down, other pigments like carotenoids and anthocyanins become more visible, creating the stunning reds, oranges, and yellows we associate with autumn. The intensity of these colors can vary depending on weather conditions, such as temperature and moisture levels.