Exposure to high levels of air pollution can cause itchy eyes, scratchy throats, coughing, wheezing, and breathlessness. For individuals with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), symptoms may worsen, leading to flare-ups. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can penetrate deep into the lungs, causing inflammation and long-term respiratory issues. It is crucial to monitor symptoms and seek medical attention if they persist or worsen.