Wind chill primarily affects individuals exposed to cold and windy conditions, increasing the risk of frostbite and hypothermia. Those working outdoors, engaging in winter sports, or living in areas with frequent cold snaps are most vulnerable. The severity of the impact depends on the combination of wind speed and air temperature, with higher wind speeds leading to faster heat loss. Frostbite can occur within minutes in extreme wind chill conditions, especially when temperatures drop below freezing.