Exposure to elevated levels of PM2.5 can lead to a range of health issues. For individuals with pre-existing conditions like asthma or heart disease, the risks are even greater. Symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath, and lung irritation may occur, and in severe cases, exposure can trigger asthma attacks or worsen chronic respiratory conditions. Prolonged exposure to high pollution levels has also been linked to long-term health concerns, including an increased risk of heart disease and low birth weight in newborns.