The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are prone to seismic activity, with a history of major earthquakes and tsunamis. Studies have shown that mega-earthquakes of magnitude 9.0 or higher occur every 420 to 750 years, while smaller but still significant earthquakes of magnitude 7.5 or higher recur every 80 to 120 years. The region's geology, including loose sandstone and shale, increases the risk of liquefaction during seismic events.