The monsoon is primarily driven by the seasonal heating of the Indian subcontinent and the surrounding oceans. During summer, the land heats up faster than the ocean, creating a low-pressure area over northwestern India. This draws moisture-laden winds from the Indian Ocean, which are deflected by the Earth’s rotation to form the southwest monsoon winds. The monsoon enters India through two branches: the Arabian Sea branch, which brings heavy rainfall to the western coast, and the Bay of Bengal branch, which affects northeastern India and the Indo-Gangetic plains.