Indoor farming employs several innovative techniques to grow crops efficiently. Hydroponics, the most widely used method, involves growing plants in nutrient-rich water without soil. Vertical farming stacks crops in layers to maximize space, making it ideal for urban areas. Aeroponics suspends plant roots in the air and mists them with nutrients, while aquaponics combines fish farming with plant cultivation in a symbiotic system. Each method offers unique advantages depending on the crops and resources available.