Severe weather conditions pose significant risks to urban traffic systems and emergency vehicle operations. Congestion on high-demand road segments can delay emergency responses, while poor visibility and slippery roads increase the likelihood of accidents. The study noted that extreme weather events, such as flooding and heatwaves, can push large numbers of vehicles onto the roads simultaneously, further straining traffic systems. These conditions not only disrupt daily commutes but also heighten the risk of collisions involving emergency vehicles, which are often required to navigate through congested and hazardous conditions.