El Niño's effects are far-reaching, causing severe flooding in some regions and drought in others. South America and parts of the United States may face property damage and loss of life due to heavy rainfall and flooding. Meanwhile, countries like Australia, Indonesia, and the Philippines are at risk of drought, which can lead to water shortages and agricultural losses. India may experience reduced monsoons, potentially causing crop failures and food insecurity. These extreme weather events can have devastating social and economic consequences globally.