The primary hazards include high levels of volcanic gases, which can cause respiratory issues, and the potential for tephra fallout, which may irritate skin, eyes, and respiratory systems. The crater rim surrounding Halemaʻumaʻu remains extremely hazardous due to cracking, slumping, and landslides. Lava flows, while currently confined to the crater, could potentially extend beyond it if intrusive activity occurs. Visitors and residents near the volcano should remain cautious, as the area is prone to earthquakes, ground cracks, and rockfalls, which can pose significant risks.