The changing rainfall patterns in Northeast India pose significant risks to the region's agriculture, infrastructure, and communities. Intense one-day downpours can lead to flash floods, landslides, and damage to roads and buildings, particularly in the mountainous areas. Conversely, prolonged dry spells can result in soil moisture depletion, water scarcity, and stress for farmers, even in years with adequate overall monsoon rainfall. These extremes highlight the need for comprehensive disaster preparedness and sustainable water management strategies to mitigate the dual risks of flooding and drought.