The combination of extreme heat and altered rainfall patterns is creating significant health challenges for vulnerable populations in India. Outdoor workers, individuals with pre-existing health conditions, and residents of densely populated urban areas are particularly at risk. Heat stress can lead to dehydration, heatstroke, and complications in cardiovascular, respiratory, and renal health. Meanwhile, changes in water storage and stagnant water from sudden rainfall are increasing mosquito breeding, driving up cases of dengue and malaria. The WHO warns that these risks are amplified by weak health systems and inadequate disease surveillance, potentially leading to severe public health crises.