Disasters disproportionately affect vulnerable groups, including the poor, elderly, women, and marginalised communities. Vulnerability is a social condition influenced by factors such as economic status, physical infrastructure, and environmental conditions. By focusing on reducing vulnerabilities and enhancing capacities, India aims to minimise the impact of hazards. Climate change is also increasing the frequency of hydro-meteorological hazards, such as cyclones and floods, necessitating stronger disaster risk reduction measures.