The extreme heatwave in India has affected millions, posing significant risks to public health, agriculture, and water resources. Vulnerable populations, particularly those in urban areas and regions with limited access to cooling infrastructure, are at heightened risk of heat-related illnesses. The global rise in temperatures and sea levels also threatens coastal communities and ecosystems. The WMO warns that the compounding effects of El Niño and climate change are creating unprecedented challenges, with the poorest and least responsible for emissions suffering the most.