El Niño Impacts Indian Farmers: Late Monsoon and Rising Costs
El Niño Impacts Indian Farmers: Late Monsoon and Rising Costs
IN · Published Oct 17, 2026
• A new report titled 'El Niño: Voices of the Farmers' by MATI highlights the challenges faced by smallholder farmers in India and Zambia during the 2026 growing season under a strengthening El Niño. The report, released during Climate Week NYC and the United Nations General Assembly, captures first-hand accounts of farmers dealing with delayed and irregular monsoons in India. The India Meteorological Department recorded 603.7 mm of rainfall between June 1 and August 31, 2026, which is 14% below the normal of 700.7 mm. As of September 11, 2026, paddy cultivation in India covered 426.81 lakh hectares, a 4% decrease compared to the same period in
• Farmers reported increased costs due to additional irrigation, higher labour and tractor rates, and unexpected expenses for fertilisers and pesticides. The report also highlights the health impacts of heatwaves and changing weather patterns on farmers and their families.

Impact & Risks

The delayed and irregular monsoon has significantly impacted Indian farmers, particularly those cultivating paddy. Increased costs for irrigation, labour, and agricultural inputs have strained their finances, even in regions where yields were average. Health issues such as heat-related illnesses and exhaustion among labourers have further compounded the challenges. The report also notes localised variations in crop outcomes, with some villages experiencing good harvests while others faced pest outbreaks and rain damage. The findings underscore the vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate variability, with many expressing concerns about groundwater depletion and the potential for even drier conditions in the upcoming season.

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