Improper or insufficient insulation can lead to uneven indoor temperatures, drafts, and increased energy bills. Without adequate insulation, buildings may experience moisture issues, such as mold growth and structural damage, particularly in basements or humid climates. Noise pollution can also be a concern in poorly insulated spaces. Mancuso notes that the right insulation not only addresses these issues but also reduces the workload on HVAC systems, potentially extending their lifespan and lowering repair costs. For commercial properties, meeting fire safety and energy efficiency codes is another critical consideration.