The risks associated with rock-ice avalanches and debris flows are substantial, particularly for communities and infrastructure located downstream. Hydropower workers and villages near unstable slopes are especially vulnerable, as seen in the Chamoli disaster, which swept away the Rishiganga project. Unlike GLOF events, these hazards provide little to no warning time, making evacuation and preparedness difficult. The article underscores the importance of land-use policies and community trust in mitigating exposure to such unpredictable disasters. Source time: not specified.