India's geography and climate make it susceptible to flash floods. The southwest monsoon (June–September) brings heavy rainfall, which can overwhelm drainage systems and cause water to accumulate rapidly. Additionally, deforestation, urbanisation, and poor land management exacerbate the risk by reducing the land's ability to absorb water. Regions like Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, and parts of the northeast are particularly vulnerable due to their hilly terrain.