Dry spells lasting two to three weeks have been recorded in various states during the monsoon season, severely affecting soil moisture and crop growth. Data from the Mahalanobis National Crop Forecast Centre (NCFC) shows that soil moisture levels in parts of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu are below the 10-year average. This has led to reduced vegetation density and delayed crop growth, as indicated by satellite observations of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Land Surface Water Index (LSWI).