The monsoon season, spanning from June to September, is a defining feature of India's climate. It brings much-needed rainfall to the country, supporting agriculture and replenishing water resources. However, excessive rainfall can lead to flooding, landslides, and waterlogging, especially in urban areas. The southwest monsoon is influenced by global phenomena like El Niño and La Niña, which can affect its intensity and timing. Understanding the monsoon's behaviour is essential for farmers, policymakers, and citizens alike.