The primary causes of waterlogging in Indian cities include unplanned urban growth, encroachment on natural water bodies, and inadequate drainage systems. Construction activities often prioritise infrastructure over environmental sustainability, leading to the loss of natural lakes and wetlands. For instance, Gurugram has seen a 77% reduction in water bodies over the past decade, contributing to severe flooding during monsoons. Poorly designed roads and drainage systems further compound the problem, as they fail to manage heavy rainfall effectively.