Urban areas with extensive impervious surfaces are most affected by unmanaged stormwater, which can lead to flash flooding, stream erosion, and water pollution. Pollutants like oil, sediment, and trash accumulate on paved surfaces and are washed into waterways during storms, harming aquatic ecosystems and water quality. Additionally, rapid runoff prevents groundwater recharge, exacerbating water scarcity in some regions. Construction sites pose a heightened risk due to exposed soil, which erodes easily and contributes to sediment pollution. Without proper management, these issues can escalate, particularly during frequent small storms that carry the majority of annual pollution.